March 28, 2024

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Agriculture in the Qing Dynasty

Emperor Kangxi rewarded those who reclaimed wastelands, provided large sums of cash for h2o conservancy projects and lessened the land taxation all through his 60-year’s reign, which greatly stimulated the recovery and improvement in agriculture of the Qing dynasty (1644-1911). Emperor Yongzheng adopted his father’ (Emperor Kangxi) footsteps and continued to encourage agricultural field. The social economic climate was extremely prosperous all through the reign of Emperor Qianlong, so the later on historians identified as this period “The Golden Age of 3 Emperors”.

Large wasteland was place beneath the plough in the initial 100 calendar year of the Qing dynasty, with the nationwide farming land covering an place of 5,260,000 hectares in the 18th calendar year (1661) of Emperor Shunzhi’s reign, which increased to 8,510,000 hectares and 17,250,000 hectares in the 61st year (1722) of Emperor Kangxi’s reign and 3rd calendar year (1725) of Yongzheng’s reign respectively. With the output of grains escalating year right after 12 months, the range of inhabitants experienced reached 360,000,000 by the 3rd yr (1725) of Yongzheng’s reign, and the significant-yielding sweet potatoes planted in Fujian and Zhejiang provinces experienced distribute to the Yangtze River space and the Yellow River region. The planting spot for industrial crops had also greatly been expanded, together with tea, cottons, sugarcanes, tobaccos and mulberries, most of which grew to become commodities in the Qing dynasty.

The quantity of farmers who specialized in planting greens improved tremendously in the Qing dynasty, some of whom planted cucumbers and leeks in winter with the assist of tunnel greenhouses, attaining extra and additional earnings. With the cotton-planting prevailing across the nation in Qianlong Period, the cotton-planting area took up 4/5 of the whole place in Hebei Province, and the sugarcanes ended up widely planted in Guangdong Province and Taiwan, although the tobaccos were being widely cultivated in Shandong Province, Zhili and Shangyu, all of which offered far more raw materials for further improvement in handicraft sector.

Some crops imported from South American also contributed a ton to the expanding selection of populace in the Qing dynasty, together with maize, sweet potatoes and potatoes, which had begun to improve in China from South The usa by using Southeast Asian Countries due to the fact the Ming dynasty. The planting, storing and processing process of sweet potatoes was totally described in the Agriculture Encyclopedia composed by Xu Guangqi from the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), which loved a higher status in the submitted of agriculture, and the planting process of sweet potatoes was perfected in Qi Min Si Shu published by Bao Shichen from the Qing dynasty.